716 lines
24 KiB
Perl
716 lines
24 KiB
Perl
# ==================================================================
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# Gossamer Threads Module Library - http://gossamer-threads.com/
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#
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# GT::SQL
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# CVS Info :
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# $Id: SQL.pm,v 1.111 2005/04/14 20:22:37 alex Exp $
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#
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# Copyright (c) 2004 Gossamer Threads Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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# ==================================================================
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#
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# Description: A general purpose perl interface to a RDBMS.
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#
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package GT::SQL;
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# ==================================================================
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use GT::Base;
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use GT::AutoLoader;
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use GT::Config;
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use GT::SQL::Base;
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use GT::SQL::Table;
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use GT::SQL::Driver;
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use strict;
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use vars qw(@ISA $DEBUG $ERRORS $VERSION %OBJ_CACHE $error $errcode);
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@ISA = qw(GT::SQL::Base);
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$DEBUG = 0;
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$VERSION = sprintf "%d.%03d", q$Revision: 1.111 $ =~ /(\d+)\.(\d+)/;
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$ERRORS = {
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# Common Errors
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UNIQUE => "The column '%s' must be unique, and already has an entry '%s'",
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NOTABLE => 'No table defined -- call $db->table($table) before accessing',
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CANTOPEN => "Cannot open file '%s': %s",
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CANTOPENDIR => "Cannot read directory '%s': %s",
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FILENOEXISTS => "File '%s' does not exist or the permissions are set incorrectly",
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# GT::SQL Errors
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NODRIVER => "Database driver %s is not installed. Available drivers: %s",
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CANTLOAD => "Unable to load driver '%s': %s",
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BADPREFIX => "Invalid prefix: '%s'",
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NODATABASE => 'No database def file -- create def file with ->set_connect before calling $obj->%s',
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CANTCONNECT => "Could not connect to database: %s",
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CANTPREPARE => "Failed to prepare query: '%s': %s",
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CANTEXECUTE => "Failed to execute query: '%s': %s",
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BADSUBCLASS => "Unable to load subclass: '%s': %s",
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NEEDDEBUG => "You must turn on debug in order to access query logs",
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NOORACLEHOME => "The environment variable ORACLE_HOME is not defined. It must be defined for the script to connect properly",
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NONLSDATE => "Unable to set NLS_DATE_FORMAT: %s",
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# Table Errors
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BADNAME => "Invalid table name '%s'",
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NOTNULL => "Column %s cannot be left blank",
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NORECMOD => "The record you are attempting to modify no longer exists in the current table",
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NOVALUES => "You did not pass any valid column names to %s",
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BADMULTVALUES => "One or more of the value groups passed to %s contained an incorrect number of values",
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NOPKTOMOD => "Cannot modify record, no primary key specified",
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DEPENDENCY => "Table %s has dependencies. Aborting",
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ILLEGALVAL => "%s cannot contain the value '%s'",
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ALREADYCHANGED => "The record you are attempting to modify has changed since you last accessed it",
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REGEXFAIL => "The regular expressions %s for this column is not properly formed",
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FKNOTABLE => "A foreign key is referencing a non existant table: %s. GT::SQL load error: %s",
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FKNOEXISTS => "You attempted to remove non-existent foreign key '%s' from table '%s'",
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CIRCULAR => "Circular reference detected in the foreign key schema. Already seen column: %s",
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CIRCULARLIMIT => "Loop detected in circular reference check, hit maximum recursion depth of 100",
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# Relation Errors
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BADCOLS => "Bad columns / column clash: columns named '%s' have been found in current relation, please qualify your expression",
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# Creator Errors
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BADTYPE => "%s is not a supported type",
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AINOTPK => "Column %s defined as auto_increment but is not an INT",
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TBLEXISTS => "Could not create table '%s': It already exists",
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NOTABLEDEFS => "You must define your table before creating it",
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NOPOS => "No position column was found in definition for column: %s",
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# Editor Errors
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NOCOL => "There is no column %s in this table",
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REFCOL => "You cannot alter column %s, as table %s still has references to it. Remove those references first",
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NOPK => "There is no primary key for this table",
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COLREF => "You cannot alter column %s, as it is a foreign key. Remove the foreign key first",
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NOINDEX => "You are trying to modify an index that does not exist",
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NOUNIQUE => "You are trying to drop a unique column '%s', but it is not unique",
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INDXQTEXT => "Cannot create index on '%s' as it is a text/blob field",
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COLEXISTS => "Unable to add column '%s' - already exists",
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NOTUNIQUE => "Cannot create unique index on '%s', data is not unique",
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INDXEXISTS => "Unable to add index '%s' - already exists",
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PKTEXT => "Column %s specified as a primary key but is a text or a blob type",
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UNIQTEXT => "Column %s specified as a unique but is a text or blob column type",
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TABLEREFD => "%s cannot be dropped as table still has references to it",
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NOFILESAVEIN => "Column %s must have file_save_in set if is to be File type",
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NODIRPRIV => "Privileges on directory %s do not allow write or directory does not exist",
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SAMEDRIVER => "Search Driver '%s' is unchanged",
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NOTNULLDEFAULT => "Column %s was specified as not null, but has no default value",
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# Admin Error
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NOACTION => "The CGI object passed in did not contain a valid action. %s",
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# Tree errors
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NOTREE => "No tree object exists for table '%s'. Create a tree first with \$editor->add_tree",
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NOTREEOBJ => "You attempted to call '%s' without a valid tree object. Call \$table->tree() first",
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TREEEXISTS => "A tree already exists for table '%s'",
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TREENOCANDO => "You attempted to call '%s' on table '%s', but that table has a tree attached and does not support the command",
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TREENOIDS => "You did not pass any ID's to %s",
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TREEBADPK => "You tried to create a tree on table '%s', but that table doesn't have a primary key, or has multiple primary keys",
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TREEBADJOIN => "Joining more than 2 tables with a tree is not supported. You attempted to join: %s",
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TREEFATHER => "Unable to update a tree record to a descendant of itself",
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# Driver errors
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DRIVERPROTOCOL => "Driver implements wrong protocol: protocol v%d required, driver is v%d",
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};
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use constant DEF_HEADER => <<'HEADER';
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# Database access & configuration file
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# Last updated: [localtime]
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# Created by GT::SQL $Revision: 1.111 $
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HEADER
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sub new {
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# -------------------------------------------------------------------
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# GT::SQL constructor. Takes:
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# my $db = new GT::SQL '/path/to/def';
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# my $db = new GT::SQL { def_path => '/defpath', debug => 1 };
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#
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my $this = shift;
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my $class = ref $this || $this;
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my $self = bless { _err_pkg => __PACKAGE__, _debug => $DEBUG }, $class;
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# Get our arguments into a hash ref
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my $opts = {};
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if (@_ == 0) { $opts = {}; }
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elsif (@_ == 1 and ref $_[0] eq 'HASH') { $opts = shift; }
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elsif (@_ > 1 and !(@_ % 2)) { $opts = {@_}; }
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else {
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$opts->{def_path} = shift;
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}
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# Set debugging level, caching options and whether to allow subclassing.
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$self->{_debug} = exists $opts->{debug} ? $opts->{debug} : $DEBUG;
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$self->{cache} = exists $opts->{cache} ? $opts->{cache} : 1;
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$self->{subclass} = exists $opts->{subclass} ? $opts->{subclass} : 1;
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# Def path must exist and be a directory
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exists $opts->{def_path} or return $self->fatal(BADARGS => "$class->new(HASH_REF). def_path must be defined and a directory path in the hash");
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-d $opts->{def_path} or return $self->fatal(BADARGS => "The defs directory '$opts->{def_path}' does not exist, or is not a directory");
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# Load the database def file if it exists
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# Some old programs would sometimes erroneously leave an invalid blank
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# database.def file in the def_path; if such a file exists, make GT::Config
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# ignore it.
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my $empty = (-f "$opts->{def_path}/database.def" and !-s _);
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$self->{connect} = GT::Config->load(
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"$opts->{def_path}/database.def" => {
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create_ok => 1,
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chmod => 0666,
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debug => $self->{_debug},
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header => DEF_HEADER,
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($empty ? (empty => 1) : ()),
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}
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);
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$self->{connect}->{PREFIX} = '' unless defined $self->{connect}->{PREFIX};
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# Heavily deprecated. Not guaranteed to always be correct:
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$GT::SQL::PREFIX = $self->{connect}->{PREFIX};
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$self->{connect}->{def_path} = $opts->{def_path};
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$self->{connect}->{obj_cache} = $self->{cache};
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$self->debug("OBJECT CREATED") if $self->{_debug} and $self->{_debug} > 2;
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return $self;
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}
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$COMPILE{set_connect} = __LINE__ . <<'END_OF_SUB';
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sub set_connect {
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# -------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Sets the connection info, only needed to setup the database.def file.
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# $db->set_connect({
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# driver => 'mysql',
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# host => 'localhost',
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# port => 2323,
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# database => 'mydatabase',
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# login => 'user',
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# password => 'foo',
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# }) or die "Can't connect: $GT::SQL::error";
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#
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my $self = shift;
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my $connect = $self->{connect};
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my %old_connect = %$connect;
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# Parse our arguments.
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if (!@_) { return $self->fatal(BADARGS => '$obj->set_connect(HASH_REF)') }
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elsif (@_ == 1 and ref $_[0] eq 'HASH') { %$connect = %{+shift} }
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elsif (@_ % 2 == 0) { %$connect = @_ }
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else { return $self->fatal(BADARGS => '$obj->set_connect(HASH_REF)') }
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if (keys %old_connect) {
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for (keys %old_connect) {
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$connect->{$_} = $old_connect{$_} unless exists $connect->{$_};
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}
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}
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$connect->{PREFIX} = '' unless defined $connect->{PREFIX};
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# Fix the connect string for test connecting
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$connect->{driver} ||= 'mysql';
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# Make sure DBI has been loaded
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eval { require DBI };
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$@ and return $self->warn(CANTCONNECT => "DBI module not installed. You must install the perl database module DBI from: http://www.perl.com/CPAN/modules/by-module/DBI");
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# Make sure the requested driver exists
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my @drivers = GT::SQL::Driver->available_drivers;
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unless (grep $_ eq uc $connect->{driver}, @drivers, 'ODBC') {
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return $self->warn(NODRIVER => $connect->{driver}, join ", ", @drivers);
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}
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my $raiseerror = delete $connect->{RaiseError};
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my $printerror = delete $connect->{PrintError};
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$connect->{RaiseError} = 0;
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$connect->{PrintError} = 0;
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# Get our driver.
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my $table = GT::SQL::Table->new(connect => $connect, debug => $self->{_debug});
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$table->connect or return;
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# Put things back the way they were.
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$connect->{RaiseError} = defined $raiseerror ? $raiseerror : 1;
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$connect->{PrintError} = defined $printerror ? $printerror : 0;
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$self->{connect} = $connect;
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# Use this connect string from now on.
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$self->write_db_config;
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return 1;
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}
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END_OF_SUB
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$COMPILE{write_db_config} = __LINE__ . <<'END_OF_SUB';
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sub write_db_config {
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# -------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Saves the database.def file. Takes no arguments.
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#
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my $self = shift;
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$self->{connect}->save;
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}
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END_OF_SUB
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# ============================================================================ #
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# DATABASE INFO ACCESSORS #
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# ============================================================================ #
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$COMPILE{driver} = __LINE__ . <<'END_OF_SUB';
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sub driver {
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# -------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Returns the name of the driver being used.
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#
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my $self = shift;
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return $self->{connect}->{driver};
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}
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END_OF_SUB
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$COMPILE{host} = __LINE__ . <<'END_OF_SUB';
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sub host {
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# -------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Returns the name of the host being used.
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#
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my $self = shift;
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return $self->{connect}->{host};
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}
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END_OF_SUB
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$COMPILE{port} = __LINE__ . <<'END_OF_SUB';
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sub port {
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# -------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Returns the port currently being used, undef if default.
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#
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my $self = shift;
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return $self->{connect}->{port};
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}
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END_OF_SUB
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$COMPILE{database} = __LINE__ . <<'END_OF_SUB';
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sub database {
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# -------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Returns the name of the database being used.
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#
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my $self = shift;
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return $self->{connect}->{database};
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}
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END_OF_SUB
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$COMPILE{login} = __LINE__ . <<'END_OF_SUB';
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sub login {
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# -------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Returns the login username for the current connection.
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#
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my $self = shift;
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return $self->{connect}->{login};
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}
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END_OF_SUB
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$COMPILE{password} = __LINE__ . <<'END_OF_SUB';
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sub password {
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# -------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Returns the login password for the current connection.
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#
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my $self = shift;
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return $self->{connect}->{password};
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}
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END_OF_SUB
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# ============================================================================ #
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# HTML ACCESSSOR #
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# ============================================================================ #
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$COMPILE{html} = __LINE__ . <<'END_OF_SUB';
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sub html {
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# -------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Return an html object. Takes an array ref of table names, or a, and a cgi
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# object.
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# my $html = $db->html(['Links'], $in);
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# or
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# my $html = $db->html($table_obj, $in);
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#
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my ($self, $tables, $cgi) = @_;
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ref $tables or return $self->fatal(BADARGS => 'Error: no table array ref passed to html');
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ref $cgi or return $self->fatal(BADARGS => 'Error: no cgi object/hash ref passed to html');
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# If already passed a table object, use it, otherwise create a new one
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my ($table);
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if (ref $tables eq 'ARRAY') {
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$table = $self->table(@$tables);
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}
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elsif (UNIVERSAL::isa($tables, 'GT::SQL::Table') or UNIVERSAL::isa($tables, 'GT::SQL::Relation')) {
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$table = $tables;
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}
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else {
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return $self->fatal(BADARGS => "Error: '$tables' must be either an array ref or a table object");
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}
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my $meth = @{[$table->name]} > 1 ? "_html_relation" : "_html_table";
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$self->$meth($table, $cgi);
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}
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END_OF_SUB
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$COMPILE{_html_relation} = __LINE__ . <<'END_OF_SUB';
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sub _html_relation {
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my ($self, $rel, $cgi) = @_;
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my $class;
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my $key = join "\0", map { s/^$self->{connect}->{PREFIX}//; $_ } sort keys %{$rel->{tables}};
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foreach my $table (values %{$rel->{tables}}) {
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my $subclass = $table->subclass;
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if ($self->{subclass} and exists $subclass->{html}->{$self->{connect}->{PREFIX} . $key}) {
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$class = $subclass->{html}->{$self->{connect}->{PREFIX} . $key};
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$self->_load_module($class) or return;
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last;
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}
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}
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if (!$class) {
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require GT::SQL::Display::HTML::Relation;
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$class = 'GT::SQL::Display::HTML::Relation';
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}
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return $class->new(
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db => $rel,
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input => $cgi
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);
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}
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END_OF_SUB
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$COMPILE{_html_table} = __LINE__ . <<'END_OF_SUB';
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sub _html_table {
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my ($self, $table, $cgi) = @_;
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my $class;
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if ($self->{subclass} and $table->{schema}->{subclass}->{html}->{$table->name}) {
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$class = $table->{schema}->{subclass}->{html}->{$table->name};
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$self->_load_module($class) or return;
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}
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if (!$class) {
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require GT::SQL::Display::HTML::Table;
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$class = 'GT::SQL::Display::HTML::Table';
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}
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return $class->new(
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db => $table,
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input => $cgi
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);
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}
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END_OF_SUB
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sub query_stack {
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# -------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Returns raw query stack (as array/array ref).
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#
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return wantarray ? @GT::SQL::Driver::debug::QUERY_STACK : \@GT::SQL::Driver::debug::QUERY_STACK;
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}
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sub query_stack_disp {
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# -------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Returns formatted query stack (handled in Driver.pm).
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#
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my ($out, $i) = ('', 0);
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foreach (reverse 0 .. $#GT::SQL::Driver::debug::QUERY_STACK) {
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my $query = $GT::SQL::Driver::debug::QUERY_STACK[$_];
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my $stack = $GT::SQL::Driver::debug::STACK_TRACE[$_] || '';
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$i++;
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chomp $query;
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$query =~ s/^[\s]*(.*?)[\s]*$/$1/mg;
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$query =~ s/\n/\n /mg;
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$out .= "$i: $query\n$stack";
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}
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return $out;
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}
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$COMPILE{prefix} = __LINE__ . <<'END_OF_SUB';
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sub prefix {
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# -------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Set/Get the database prefix to be attached to all tables. Calling this as a
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# class accessor method is extremely deprecated (it returns $GT::SQL::PREFIX,
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# which is itself extremely deprecated); calling this to *set* a prefix is not
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# permitted.
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#
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my $self = shift;
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if (@_) {
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ref $self or $self->fatal(BADARGS => 'Usage: $obj->prefix(...) not CLASS->prefix(...)');
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my $prefix = shift;
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if ($prefix =~ /\W/) {
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return $self->fatal(BADPREFIX => $prefix);
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}
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$self->{connect}->{PREFIX} = $prefix;
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}
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else {
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return ref $self ? $self->{connect}->{PREFIX} : $GT::SQL::PREFIX;
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}
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return 1;
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}
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END_OF_SUB
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$COMPILE{reset_env} = __LINE__ . <<'END_OF_SUB';
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sub reset_env {
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# -------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Reset globals.
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#
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GT::SQL::Driver->reset_env(); # Shut down database connections.
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%OBJ_CACHE = ();
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$error = '';
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$errcode = '';
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}
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END_OF_SUB
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1;
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__END__
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=head1 NAME
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GT::SQL - A database independent perl interface
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=head1 SYNOPSIS
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use GT::SQL;
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my $db = GT::SQL->new('/path/to/def');
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my $table = $db->table('Links');
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my $editor = $db->editor('Links');
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my $creator = $db->creator('NewTable');
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my $html = $db->html('Links', new CGI);
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=head1 DESCRIPTION
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GT::SQL is a perl database abstraction layer to relational databases, providing
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a native Perl interface rather than a query-based interface.
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A GT::SQL object provides the interface to the entire database by providing
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objects that are able to perform the work needed.
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=head2 Creating a new GT::SQL object
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There are two ways to get a GT::SQL object. First, you can simply provide the
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path to the def file directory where GT::SQL stores all it's information:
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$db = GT::SQL->new('/path/to/def');
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or you can pass in a hash or hash ref and specify options:
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$db = GT::SQL->new(
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def_path => '/path/to/def',
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cache => 1,
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debug => 1,
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subclass => 1
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);
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You must specify def_path. Setting C<cache =E<gt> 1> will result in all table
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and relation objects being cached, which provides a performance improvement in
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any situation where the same table or relation is used again.
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Specifying C<subclass =E<gt> 0> or C<subclass =E<gt> 1> will enable or disable
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the ability to subclass any of the objects GT::SQL creates. The default
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value is C<1>, and should not normally be changed.
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GT::SQL has significant amounts of debugging output that can be enabled by
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specifying a value of C<1> to the C<debug> option. Larger values can be
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specified for more detailed debugging output, however a level of C<1> is almost
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always more than sufficient. The accepted values are as follows:
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=over 4
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=item Level 0
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This is the default, no debugging information is printed to stderr. All errors
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can be obtained in $GT::SQL::error.
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=item Level 1
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All queries will be displayed to stderr. This is the recommended value if
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query debugging is desired.
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=item Level 2
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Same as level 1, but includes more detailed information. Also, when calling
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query_stack you get a stack trace on what generated each query. Not
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recommended except when working directly on GT::SQL.
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=item Level 3
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Very detailed debug logs including creation and destruction of objects.
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query_stack generates a javascript page with query, stack trace, and data dump
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of arguments, but can be extremely large. Not recommended except for debugging
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GT::SQL internals.
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=back
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B<Pass in a def path>
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$obj = GT::SQL->new('/path/to/def/directory');
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This method of calling new is also supported, however has the drawback that
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none of the above options can be provided.
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=head2 Getting Connected
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GT::SQL loads the database connection info from database.def which is located
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in the defs directory.
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To create this file, you call set_connect() as follows:
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$obj->set_connect({
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driver => 'mysql',
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host => 'localhost',
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port => 3243,
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database => 'databasename',
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login => 'username',
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password => 'password',
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PREFIX => 'prefix_'
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});
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This will test the database information, and save it to the def file. All
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future connections will automatically use this connection information.
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Not all of the arguments in this hash are necessary; some have reasonable
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defaults for the connection.
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=over 4
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=item driver
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This needs to be the driver that is being used for the connection. The default
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for this is C<mysql>. Driver names are case-insensitive. Available drivers
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are:
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=over 4
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=item MySQL
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Driver for MySQL databases. Requires that the DBD::mysql module be installed.
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=item Pg
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Driver for PostgreSQL databases. Requires that the DBD::Pg module be
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installed.
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=item MSSQL
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Driver for MSSQL 7.0 and above. Requires that the DBD::ODBC module be
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installed.
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=item Oracle
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Driver for Oracle 8 and above. Requires the DBD::Oracle module.
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=back
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=item host
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This will specify the host to connect to. The default, which is acceptable for
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most installations, is C<localhost>.
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=item port
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This is the port on which to connect to the SQL server. The default for this
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is to allow the DBI driver to choose the default, which is almost always the
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appropriate choice.
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=item database
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This is the database name to use on the SQL server. This is required to
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connect. For MSSQL, this is the I<Data Source> name.
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=item PREFIX
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This specifies a prefix to use for table names. See the L</"Table Prefixes">
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section below for more information.
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=back
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=head2 Supported Objects
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The following objects can be obtained through a GT::SQL object:
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=over 4
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=item Table/Relation
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To get a table or relation object for working with SQL tables, you should call:
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my $table = $db->table('table_name');
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or for a table join:
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my $relation = $db->table('table_name', 'other_table');
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See L<GT::SQL::Table> for more information on how to use a table object.
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=item Creator
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To create new tables, you need to use a creator. You can get one by calling:
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my $creator = $db->creator('new_table');
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where C<new_table> is the name of the table you wish to create. See
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L<GT::SQL::Creator> for more information on how to use a creator object.
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=item Editor
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To edit existing tables (i.e. add/drop/change columns, add/drop indexes, etc.)
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you need an editor object:
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my $editor = $db->editor('existing_table');
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where C<existing_table> is the name of the table you wish the modify. See
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L<GT::SQL::Editor> for more information on how to use an editor object.
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=item HTML
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To get an html object for generating forms and html output, you need to pass in
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the table/relation object you want to work with, and a cgi object:
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my $html = $db->html($table, $cgi);
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The html object uses information found in CGI to set values, etc. See
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L<GT::SQL::Display::HTML> for more information on how to use a html object.
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=back
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=head2 Table Prefixes
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GT::SQL supports the concept of table prefixes. If you specify a prefix using
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the accessor, it is saved in the database.def file and will be used in all
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future calls to table(), editor() and creator().
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To set a prefix:
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$db->prefix("foo");
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to get the current prefix:
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my $prefix = $db->prefix;
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What this will do is transparently prepend C<foo> to the beginning of every
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table name. This means anywhere you access the table C<bar>, the actual table
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stored on the SQL server will be C<foobar>. Note that the prefix should B<not>
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be included when getting table/creator/editor/etc. objects - the prefix is
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handled completely transparently to all public GT::SQL functionality.
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=head2 Query Stack
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To display a list of all raw SQL queries sent to the database you can use:
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my @queries = $db->query_stack;
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or to have them formatted try
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print $db->query_stack_disp;
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which will join them up, displayed nicely. This is also available as a class
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method:
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print GT::SQL->query_stack_disp;
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=head1 SEE ALSO
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L<GT::SQL::Table>
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L<GT::SQL::Editor>
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L<GT::SQL::Creator>
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L<GT::SQL::Types>
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L<GT::SQL::Admin>
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L<GT::SQL::Display::HTML>
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=head1 COPYRIGHT
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Copyright (c) 2004 Gossamer Threads Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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http://www.gossamer-threads.com/
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=head1 VERSION
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Revision: $Id: SQL.pm,v 1.111 2005/04/14 20:22:37 alex Exp $
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=cut
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